Mexican immigration

Mexican immigration has been considered as a distinct final result that occupies a place in the history of united States immigration. There atomic number 18 currently millions of Mexican Americans in the U.S., occupying almost all regions of the country. Their immigration started in the 20th century and the influx of Mexicans is still continuing to date. The culture of Mexico and its US immigrants is complex, representing a combination of Spanish, Mexican and other indigenous tribal traditions and beliefs.The authoritative migration of Mexicans to the US has influenced the judiciary and public systems of the US. In addition, legislative rulings regarding immigration give been constantly changing since the 20th century, mostly due to the Mexican migration. Interestingly, the US society has besides experience variations in reception of these migrant individuals, ranging from a warm welcome to a cold feeling for unsolicited migrants. In return, the Mexican immigrants eat learne d to adapt to an ever-changing treatment in the US and run through mystify skilled at defending themselves from US citizens that show prejudice towards them.Today, a huge portion of the US people is composed of Mexican immigrants. Their numbers in the US adjudge do them prominent social and culturalal multitude, influencing the employment of the Spanish wording in most of the public run and commercial products. The Mexican food has been virtually the US for hundreds of years now, with its meals being a staple even to non-Mexican US citizens.The growth of the Latino universe of discourse in the United States has resulted in the momentous observation of social and economic risk factors that ar associated with wellness. Mexican-Americans or the Latino population comprise the largest collection of immigrants in the United States. Studies have revealed that the opinion of having Mexican origins was an independent risk factor that influences conditions of being uninsura ble. Even though the word Latino is an acceptable descriptor for this precise population, other groups categorised this ethnic group as Hispanic. Several studies have attempted to get a line and evaluate the socio-demographic features of Mexican-Americans, including the wellness conditions and health bearing needs of this particular(prenominal) population (NIH, 2006).The Mexican-American population is considered an immigrant population, hence it should also be noted that it takes time for this population to only settle down in the United States (Schmidley, 2001). Studies show that first- contemporaries Mexican American families experienced a much difficult living condition than resultant generation. These include family income level, educational attainment and language. It has been generally observed that approximately 65% of the first-generation Mexican-Americans lived in poverty, and 75% of the heads of Mexican-American nursing home possessed less than 9th grade education . It is also interesting to know that less that 10% of the Mexican-American households had a good contain of English.First-generation Mexican American children had the highest rate of being uninsured (64.2%), which was significantly higher(prenominal)(prenominal) than the percentage describe for Hispanics as a whole. Significant differences persisted for the second- and third generation groups. In fact, each generational group of Mexican American children was more likely to be uninsured than either non-Hispanic white children or discolor children.It is also interesting to note that, among first-generation Mexican American children, there were almost equal proportions of children with private and public health insurance. This is not surprising, because 70% of the heads of household were employed. A significantly greater proportion of first-generation children could be insured if their parents worked for employers who provided health insurance. Even when insurance is offered, howev er, m whatever employed Hispanics in poor and low-income households nightfall coverage becauseof lack of affordability. antecedent reports that immigrant children as a whole are less likely to have health insurance, less likely to have a usual blood line of complaint, and less likely to have had a doctors visit in the past year were limit in that they did not differentiate Hispanic subgroupsor generations. First-generation Mexican American children had much worse health care admittance than previously exposit for Hispanic children as a whole. Previous studiesshow that majority of Hispanic children had a usual source of care. With regard to immigrant children, 51% of all strange children (including Latino, white, black, andAsian children) in working-poor families were uninsured and that 65% had a usual source of care, suggesting that first-generation Mexican American children may also fare worse than immigrant children considered as a whole. Even when first-generation MexicanA merican children were insured, they had the lowest likelihood of having a regular source of care or a specific provider.First-generation Mexican American children also demonstrated the lowest levels of engagement of health care operate, as assessed by visits to a doctor, use of prescription drug medications, and screening for sense of hearing and vision problems (Holl et al., 1995 Weinick and Krauss, 2000). Poor health care introduction is a know predictor of poor health care engagement however, the data also suggest that the first-generation group might have had reduced needs. For example, fewer account earaches/infections in the first-generation group and cast down levels of treatment for ear infections were consistent with fewer visits to a physician for earache/infection.First-generation Mexican American children also had demean rank of report cold or flu, pneumonia, and ear infections, which were consistent with begin rates of prescription medication use. Better hea lth outcomes in new-fashioned immigrant populations form the radical of what has been described as the epidemiologic paradox (Trevino et al., 1991). despite the charge of demographic and socioeconomic risk factors, foreign-born Mexican American women have low birth weight sister birth rates and infant mortality rates similar to those of white women.It has not been substantiate that any advantage at birth persists into early childhood, and study results are conflicting. Mexican American mothers report low rates of asthma, coordination problems, psychologic and behavioral problems, talking to communication problems, and mental retardation among their children, suggesting that immigrant children may fare better with regard to specific illnesses.A substantially higher number of first-generation Mexican American households reported Spanish as the primary winding language spoken and also had lower levels of health care access and usage, compared with the other groups (Kurzon, 20 00). Hispanic parents identify language problems, long waits at the physicians office, lack of health insurance, difficulty paying medical bills, and difficulty arrangement transportation as the superlative barriers to care (Halfon et al., 1997).However, several may not crop their children in for care if the medical lag does not understand Hispanic culture. This is an important recognition that points to systemic factors, as opposed to individual affected role factors, as causes of racial/ethnic disparities in health care. The cultural shortcomings of clinical staff, including lack of Spanish language proficiency, lack of cognition of Hispanic culture, and lack of Hispanic staff members, cannot be underestimated. Additional research is required to identify the specific barriers to health care access and utilization for specific population subgroups, the benefits of a culturally competent and language-friendly clinical environment, and the be of creating and maintaining such an environment.Indeed, culture, cultural perspective, and/or cultural differences may account for a portion of the difference attributed to generational lieu (Jackson and Heroux, 1999). One of the most studied measures of acculturation, namely, language, reflected the first-generation Mexican American households, with most being primarily Spanish-speaking. Although the definitions of acculturation varied, past studies that used language preference as a measure of acculturation showed increased use of preventive services and decrease perceived barriers to care for Hispanics who spoke English.A substantially higher number of first-generation Mexican American households reported Spanish as the primary language spoken and also had lower levels of health care access and utilization, compared with the other groups. The language and culture of the medical office may have disproportionate effects on utilization of health care for first-generation immigrants (http//findarticles.com/p/arti cles/mi_hb4389/is_200410/ai_n15294610).Hispanic parents identify language problems, long waits at the physicians office, lack of health insurance, difficulty paying medical bills, and difficulty arranging transportation as the greatest barriers to care. However, many may not bring their children in for care if the medical staff does not understand Hispanic culture. This is an important realization that points to systemic factors, as opposed to individual patient factors, as causes of racial/ethnic disparities in health care. The cultural shortcomings of clinical staff, including lack of Spanish language proficiency, lack of knowledge of Hispanic culture, and lack of Hispanic staff members, cannot be underestimated. Additional research is required to identify the specific barriers to health care access and utilization for specific population subgroups, the benefits of a culturally competent and language-friendly clinical environment, and the costs of creating and maintaining such an environment.First-generation Mexican American children also demonstrated the lowest levels of utilization of health care services, as assessed by visits to a physician, use of prescription medications, and screening for hearing and vision problems. Poor health care access is a known predictor of poor health care utilization. The first-generation group might have had decreased needs. For example, fewer reported earaches/infections in the first-generation group and lower levels of treatment for ear infections were consistent with fewer visits to a physician for earache/infection.First-generation Mexican American children also had lower rates of reported cold or flu, pneumonia, and ear infections, which were consistent with lower rates of prescription medication use. Better health outcomes in recent immigrant populations form the basis of what has been described as the epidemiologic paradox. Previous studies of perinatal outcomes showed that, despite the presence of demographic and soc ioeconomic risk factors, foreign-born Mexican American women have low birth weight infant birth rates and infant mortality rates similar to those of white women.It has not been confirmed that any advantage at birth persists into early childhood, and study results are conflicting. Previous studies suggested that Mexican American mothers report low rates of asthma, coordination problems, psychologic and behavioral problems, speech problems, and mental retardation among their children, suggesting that immigrant children may fare better with regard to specific illnesses.The generational status alone may account for lower developmental scores among Mexican American children. Lower rates of specific illnesses among first-generation Mexican American children seem to support the epidemiologic paradox, suggesting that first-generation Mexican American children had decreased health care needs with respect to the conditions reported. This might have translated into decreased utilization of hea lth services for this group. The theory that Mexican American children become less healthy as they become more acculturated has now been assessed and reviewed. later(prenominal) generations reported higher prevalence of the illnesses tested, adding to evidence in the literature that Hispanic immigrant children have health outcomes and indicators that worsen with greater acculturation and each ordered generation (NIH, 2007).ReferencesHalfon N, Wood DL, Valdez RB, Pereyra M and Duan N (1997) Medicaid enrollment and health services access by Latino children in inner-city Los Angeles. JAMA 277636641Holl JL, Szilagyi PG, Rodewald LE, Byrd RS and Weitzman ML (1995) Profile of uninsured children in the United States. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 149398406http//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb4389/is_200410/ai_n15294610Jackson M and Heroux J (1999) course of instruction to address sociocultural barriers to health care in Hispanic communities. subject Program Report. Retrieved from http //eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/19/d5/46.pdfKurzon VP (2000) Mexican-American culture and antepartum management. Grad. Res. Nursing. Retrieved from http//www.graduateresearch.com/kurzon.htm. study Institutes of Health (2007) Health disparities. Bethesda NIH.National Institutes of Health (2007) U.S.-born Hispanics may have poorer health than immigrants. Retrieved from http//www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_52026.htmlSchmidley AD (2000) Profile of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States. Washington, DC US Government Printing Office. US Census situation Current Population Reports, series. p23-206.Trevino FM, Moyer ME, Valdez RB, Stroup-Benham CA (1991) Health insurance coverage and utilization of health services by Mexican Americans, mainland Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans. JAMA 265233237.Weinick RM, Krauss NA. Racial/ethnic differences in childrens access to care. Am. J. Public Health. 9017711774.