Geographical Implications in the Movie A River Runs Through It Review

Geographical Implications in the A River Runs Through It - Movie Review Example This paper illustrates that the movie ‘A River Runs Through It'set features a number of spectacular geographical backgrounds that would amaze even the hard-hearted. One of these spectacular scenes that I just have to begin with is the part where the two brothers are fly-fishing. The producers made the best out of these amazing geographical scenes by using a combination of effective camera positioning to capture the background and adjacent lighting. As included in the original novel written by Norman MacLean back in 1976, the film claims to have been acted on the Blackfoot River in Montana, a geographical feature stretching from the continental divide in Lewis all the way to Clark Fork covering an average of 120 kilometers. Though this is not necessarily included in the movie, the river draws its waters from both springs and snow water further up in western Montana. The setting of the movie particularly the fly fishing scene displays one of the geographical features that are com mon with rivers: erosion. We see that most of the riverbank is covered with smoothened rocks ranging from small rocks to large ones. This can be attributed to the rivers’ erosive nature during transportation be it due to hydraulic action, abrasion or corrosion, corrosion or attrition. The production team in this movie was probably motivated by the fact that other than the information received from the cast, the environment would also be in a position to ‘show off’ and reveal a beautiful nature vested in our country. Moving on to yet another spectacular scene chosen by the production team, we find geographical features like river rapids being applied when the boys get a little naughty with the boat. The dual in their teenage row down this rigorous river in such movements that depict that the riverbed is not regular; this is because of the rapids below. These geographical features are common in riverbeds as the flow moves downstream.

The role of the health and social care worker Essay Example for Free

The role of the health and social care worker Essay A working relationship is different from a personal relationship because a working relationship is more professional; there are boundaries, specific objectives and purposes. There are professional codes of conduct, employer policies and procedures also there are time limits and being in some cases cone way relationship. The three collages for whom I work with and there job roles are activity staff, care staff and music therapy staff. I communicate with these collages and work together to establish and maintain the trust and confidence of service users and care staff. I also have a good communicating relationship with these. Giving the policies; and procedures and communicating in partnership. It is important to work in partnership together in the health care to achieve the best outcomes for the individuals and its also important because collages have all different working skills, knowledge and rolls, Partnership also to share discussions and making information relation in common concern. Task B Reflective account I was with a collage in work with a member of care staff. I was going to hoist and transfer a service user, using a hoist. My collage wanted to go on break, and had an idea that would be quicker than using a hoist and using the correct method appropriately and safely. My collage wanted to lift the service user up from there wheelchair and transfer them onto a bed, but I was totally against this. I did not consider, to use this type of method of transfer, as I felt that I would injure, myself, the service user and my collage. And risk the possibility of loosing my job and loosing someone’s life. This incident involved conflict between my working collage because I did not want to go through with it, and work in an unsafe manner. I went to my line manager and said about this situation. I had to report this by filling in an incident form. I did not get the support at the right time, as my manger was not present. I think that I dealt with this incident effective and professionally and maintain a good level of care to the service user. I could have responded differently by not being professional and keeping my working relationship, but I had to because this was a work related incident.

Players Should Bring Hockey Back :: essays research papers

Persuassive Essay: 104 words, including references written APA style Players Should Bring Hockey Back Players Should Bring Hockey Back Having reached another impasse in talks on January 26, in Toronto, between owners and players, there continues to be no NHL hockey season. The lack of an agreement centers on the owners’ desire for a salary cap and the players’ saying they will not budge on that particular point. Albeit this is not the only sticking point, other issues appear to center around this one (Lebrun, NoHockey.CA, 2005, para. 13). The far-reaching affects of the lockout are becoming devastating to businesses that rely on income from games (Lebrun) and fans have reached a fervor of disdain for the whole ordeal (The Australian, 2005, para. 12-14). The players need to make a contract work by agreeing to some form of salary cap, allowing owners to control costs. Players and owners will win, revenues will improve for businesses dependent on games for income, and the fans will win! Making a contract work Players have expressed a complete unwillingness to a salary cap or as the owners have termed it, a â€Å"cost certainty†. While they have purposed roll-backs in salaries and lower rookie salaries, they continue to miss the big picture as it is seen by owners and fans alike. Exactly how much money do you need to make to play a sport you say you love? In 1995 the average salary for an NHL player was $750k, at the need of the 2003-2004 season, that average was $1.8 million dollars (†¦.). The owners are demanding a break and want to maintain profitability. If forced by players to pay outrageous salaries, how can smaller teams compete? They cannot and that is exactly the point. Owners have reported a loss in excess of $1 billion dollars in the last ten years (The Australian). That appears to be reason enough for a salary cap. If the losses were to continue, it seems likely that the sport will end, as team owners fold up shop unable to bear further losses. The economic devastat ion experienced by businesses associated with the sport now, would only become worse. Economic Effects   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From food vendors within stadiums to sportswear manufacturers, many businesses that rely on a hockey game or two for income, are becoming deeply impacted. According to a report at NoHockey.CA, from the Denver Associated Press, â€Å"The dispute that has kept NHL players locked out for 133 days as of Wednesday has meant millions of dollars in losses for stores, restaurants and businesses across North America that rely at least in part on a professional hockey team for their livelihood.

Lisa Sherman Case Analysis

Lisa Sherman worked for Verizon for many years. While there she never revealed her sexual orientation . Then one fated day, there was a diversification workshop with her fellow managers. The outcome of this was that her coworkers were bigoted towards homosexuality. Lisa Sherman had a tough decision to make, whether to stay or to leave. The following analysis shows a suggested solution. Lisa Sherman Case Analysis: Lisa Sherman spent many years not being true to who she was. She never told her coworkers that she was gay during her 15 years at Verizon Communications. Then, the company decided they wanted to hold diversity training. This is what led Lisa Sherman to the tough decision of whether to stay working at Verizon or put in her notice. The diversity training displayed general statements about different types of people, with statements such as â€Å"gay people are†¦Ã¢â‚¬  written on poster boards. The corporate leaders then formed groups and wrote on the poster boards what their first concept of a particular group of people was. Their statements of groups such as Blacks and Jews involved only positive messages. However when they got to the board regarding homosexual people, it was nothing at all positive, with comments such as â€Å"immoral, pathetic, perverse, and spreading disease. † (Audenaert and George, 2008). How could Lisa now open up and tell these people that she herself was Gay, when they thought such horrid things? Not only were negative derogatory statements bad for Lisa Sherman they were also bad for the company. The CEO Ray Smith wanted to enact a policy of diversification, to take Verizon into a more flexible and creative company. He planned to establish policies that barred not hiring someone because of their ethnic background, religion, race, sex, and sexual orientation. However if his highest level managers felt this way about Gay people what did the rest of the company feel? Lisa Sherman was with Verizon for 15 years, working her way up the chain. She had always hid her sexuality and the existence of her partner Sophie, using pronouns such as â€Å"him† and â€Å"we† for â€Å"her† and â€Å"she† (Alboher, 2008). She felt that if she were to tell anyone it would affect her career, which allegedly proved to be a correct assumption, from the comments that her co-workers made. One of the most homophobic individuals turned out to be one of Lisa’s mentors. In essence, the people Lisa had been closest to turned out to be bigoted individuals. When deciding what to do, Lisa needs to be sure it is in the best interest of her needs. Since she has been with the same company for 15 years, and quickly worked her way up, she probably has a myriad of opportunities waiting for her. She can inform the CEO Ray Smith of her sexual orientation, as he wants the company to become more progressive and would (allegedly) not be bothered by her sexuality. However, the rest of her coworkers still feel that Gay people are immoral, disgusting people. Even if the CEO did not mind her sexuality, her coworkers would still see her in a different light. I feel the best decision that Lisa can make is to look for different work, with a more open, progressive company, then resign from Verizon. This decision would allow her time to get her finances in order. However, if she had a large savings, then the best decision would be to resign immediately, because being around such bigoted individuals would cause her undue stress, and her performance may be affected. If Lisa Sherman chooses to resign, since the CEO Ray Smith is so open to becoming a more diversified workforce, perhaps he can use her and her experience, when she informs him of her sexuality, as a consultant for future policies. Lisa could be a great asset to the company, as she has experienced the bigotry and discrimination about her sexuality her whole adult life, since she first came out. She understands what it means to not admit to others your true self, for fear of losing a job, or not gaining a job. Policies can be changed but unfortunately it takes much more work to change people’s opinions. People are afraid of the unknown, they fear change (Pratt, 2005). To help change people’s opinions training would need to be done, to show that Gay individuals are no different than anyone else. They do not choose their sexuality anymore than someone chooses their skin color. Someone should not be judged by something that they cannot choose. If Lisa Sherman chooses to resign, Verizon Communications and the CEO need to reeducate their employees on what a diversified workplace should be like. There are currently no federal laws that prohibit workplace discrimination based on sexual orientation (Smith, 2010). However many states and companies have laws and regulations that prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation. The company should respond by offering condolences to Lisa Sherman, then start by making policies to make all workers comfortable. Lisa Sherman was a good employee and a hard worker for many years, yet she had to hide who she really was. No employee should have to hide their family life; it affects their stress levels and their mood. Lisa stated that while others had pictures of their wives and kids on their desks, she had a picture of her dog. Lisa should have been comfortable with having her partner’s photo on her desk, as she was her family. Unfortunately, as the office was not a comfortable place for a lesbian woman to state that she was a lesbian, she was unable to. Whatever the actual outcome was in this case, Lisa Sherman should leave the company for her own peace of mind, and sense of self worth. Verizon Communications and Ray Smith need to take the company to a modern, progressive state, by hiring openly gay people, and enacting policies to prevent discrimination in hiring, and the harassment of workers. Such a progressive policy is not only good for the workforce but for the company. As a company that is so open to diversification, they are bound to increase their customer base. Works Cited http://www.life-with-confidence.com/life-change.html http://www.hrhero.com/topics/sexual_orientation_discrimination.html

Smaller and Smaller Circles

Lead by Father Gus Saenz , with the help of his former student and fellow forensic anthropologist Father Jerome Lucero, they track down and try to decipher the mind of a serial killer, Alex Carlos whom Atty.Benjamin Arcinas the head of the NBI investigating team that doesn’t believe that serial killer exists. Description of the characters: Father Gus Saenz represents the tall,mestizo,and ruggedly handsome priest you hope would not be in front of an altar in your wedding, but beside you instead. He is a product of an affluent, amiable family, iswell-educated, and witty. Father Jerome Lucero is Father Gus’ former student, a forensic anthropologist, and his partner in solving the series of killings. He is much younger, but less likely to withhold his feelings when agitated or irritated. Posing as a hindrance, the acting director of the police department is somehow a satire of the attention-seeking, media-loving police figure. He not only takes the case carelessly, but leads the people in the wrong direction just to make himself look good and seem in control of the case.Atty. Benjamin Arcinas. Alex Carlosis the resident dentist-slash-serial killer in this fast-paced novel. He works in the mobile clinic that provides dental and medical check-ups in the Payatas area. It is there that he is given access to the undersized and undernourished boys he needs to fulfill his sick plan. His anger comes from being molested as a child by his PE teacher Mr. Gorospe. Unable to talk to his parents about the humiliating incident, and incapable of talking to any friends about his trauma, he grows up psychologically impaired and angry. Summary of the novel The Big Circle: The story opens to Father Emil—a fellow priest and acquaintance to Father Gus and Father Jerome—finding a dead boy’s body dumped in the Payatas. A series of investigation has started, and over six bodies are already found suspiciously patterned to one another.Although, Father Gus and Father Jerome are eager and most likely sure about the crime being done by a serial killer, the lawyer who heads the NBI’s investigating team Atty. Benjamin Arcinas never believed in their theories. The two priests pursued the investigations of the crimes. Double checking all the evidence left by the killer on the corpses especially the facts that he kills with precision and with symbols—he defaces his victims, and excises the genitals, signs that there is a sexual conflict and a need to rid off the identity of the kids. Figuring out the goings-on of a psychologically disturbed killer, especially if he’s very good at hiding it, is fairly difficult. The sleuths go through some complicated twists in their quest to find truth and justice amidst the media-hungry personalities who don’t give much attention to the case. Deciphering the crime isn’t easy†¦. they conducted investigations among the people of Payatas and also within the volunteer medical group members assigned there. They suspect that the killer is one of the men attending to the people’s health. They ended up researching the records of one of the dentists—Alex Carlos. They found out that Alex was molested by his homo PE. Teacher when he was still in elementary school at Payatas. And as a way of bringing out his revenge he kills boys at his age during the abuse. Father Gus together with the troop conducted an arrest. They cornered him inside the medical van. Father Gus got inside the van alone and he tried to convince Alex to surrender but before he could speak the killer had injured him using a medical blade many times. He dropped dead outside the van. When Father Gus dropped dead outside the van the troop immediately came forward for rescue and when they saw Alex still holding the blade they shot him. Alex died. And Father Gus managed to escape death after the fatal injury. The two priests proved their theory and the crime was solved. Reaction to the novel: The novel is really great,at first I wasn’t really interested in it because of my first impression on the title but then, when I read the summary at the back I found my self reading it even before I could let the teacher check for it. F.H. Bantacan’s way of writing is really good. It drags you deeper and deeper, as if as you continue reading you were already in the scene and yet nobody sees or notices your existence but you know what is happening, you can see everything and you can hear everything, whisper or thoughts, that are being left. Naturalistic dialogue that’s also contributed to the essence of the story, it made it like a true to life story.And last, but not the least, is how the published it—the book is handy so it’s more comfortable to read anywhere, anytime. The novel was a thrilling detective story. From reading the novel I got to the idea that, the antagonist seeks for justice like most of Filipinos (especially those who are under the poverty line). The police force only pays attention to those cases that will bring them media exposures, I believe this really happens to the kind of society we have now. Justice men should at least look to every case equally. As a student I’m also an observer of the happenings in our country and I admit there have been many cases that I watched over the television that had been solved but it is also true that most of them are cases that involve high profile persons. The story opened my eyes to this kind of harassment that maybe a lot of people have been experiencing and yet they can’t talk about it to anybody so they tend to let it out trough killing/ violence. This novel changes my view of priest from stereotype to more exciting and analytic life of priest. I love reading books but previously I read only those that is written by foreign writers but after reading this novel I appreciate it a lot that I am convinced to read more and more Filipino books. My understanding towards people grew deeper and wider. I learned lot of things. The Filipino values that were depicted in this novel were the tight family ties- they continuously search for their love ones even though there’s a high possibility that they were dead already, warm family and loving- pictured in the family of Father Gus.

My Last Duchess and Porphyrias Lover Essay Example

My Last Duchess and Porphyrias Lover Essay Example My Last Duchess and Porphyrias Lover Paper My Last Duchess and Porphyrias Lover Paper Essay Topic: Literature In Porphyrias Lover and My Last Duchess, Browning explores the male psyche by portraying two men so obsessed by domination and control that they are finally driven to kill their lovers. Written in the 19th century, these poems are set in a patriarchal society in which female subservience was expected and male supremacy absolute. In Advice to a Husband Cobbett states that A husband under command of his wife is the most contemptible of gods creatures. And it is this proclamation, viewed by many of the time that drives the protagonists of the two poems to the extremes. Despite the fact that the poems are written in dramatic monologues, the text contains certain clues which voice Brownings judgment and condemnation of the drastic actions taken by the male figures and thus societys role of trapping women under the rule of men. Neither the Duke nor the lover meet the expectations that the reader has of a protagonist of a Romantic poem. Instead Brownings presentation of flawed men as opposed to romantic heroes suggests that Browning is playing against his readers expectations. The Dukes description of his wife quickly reveals that he is a paranoid character; his speculative suggestion of what Fri Pandolf might have chanced to say reveals that he even suspects his wife of flirting with a monk. The lover is also a jealous character. He thinks that Porphyria is weak as she will not free herself from pride and vainer ties dissever, / And give herself to me forever. When the lover realises Porphyrias affections for him he becomes so crazed by power that he strangles her with the long yellow string of her own hair. In contrast to My Last Duchess, the poem makes completely clear to the reader that Porphyria is cruelly murdered by her lover. However the reader is led to suspect that a similar crime also occurs in My Last Duchess. The Dukes language is clinical and free from emotion as he declares I gave commands; / Then all smiles stopped together. In both poems, the men blame Porphyria and the Duchess for their own deaths due to what is deemed to be inexcusable behaviour. Browning however allows the reader to oppose the perspective of the male personas. In Porphyrias Lover the lovers descriptions of vainer ties are vague, so could be anything from another man to a social life excluding him. But as the reader is morally judgemental, no reason would be sufficient for murder. Even the lover himself feels the need to reassure himself of his action by saying No pain felt she; / I am quite sure she felt no pain. He also seems to fear Gods judgment as he says And yet God has not said a word! In My Last Duchess the Dukes reasoning for his wifes death shows irrational jealousy. He not only feels threatened by other men but of things, animals and even of the sunset which he describes as The dropping of the daylight in the West. As in Porphyrias Lover the reader does not believe the Duchess deserves her fate despite the fact that it is told from the Dukes point of view. His broken sentences show elements of self-doubt and he cannot clearly convey his argument for his partners death. Somehow I know not how It also appears that he senses his irrationality because he first states Whod stoop to blame / This sort of trifling? yet he continues to do just that. The Duke kills his wife in order to stop her looking as her looks went everywhere. This is because her role as wife is to be looked at, not to look at others. In death she is immortalised by means of a portrait in which she is trapped looking as if alive purely showing her husbands success through her beauty. The Duke regains the control that he thought he had lost by keeping his wife hidden: since none puts by / The curtain I have drawn for you but I. The Duke murders his wife because he refuses to lower himself: I chose / Never to stoop. This idea of hierarchy between men and women is also portrayed in Porphyrias Lover. Porphyria feels she has to provocatively offer herself in order to cheer her lover which is described by the male persona as stooping. The lover also states Porphyria worshipped me which conveys his heightened sense of ownership similar to the Dukes emotions when viewing the portrait of his wife. The lovers proclamation That moment she was mine, mine shows the power he holds over Porphyria and subsequently he kills her. In her death Porphyria becomes perfect to him as now he has total control. The Lover uses Porphyrias corpse like a puppet, positioning her to create different scenes: I propped her head up as before / Only, this time my shoulder bore / Her head And thus we sit together now / And all night long we have not stirred. These grotesque actions give the reader the impression that the Lover is dramatising their lives together singlehandedly, perhaps to ensure that nothing will ruin their eternity together. He even continues to create her emotions and wishes for her. When doing this he objectifies her further by referring to her as it. So glad it has its utmost will Although the Duke does not literally use his wifes body as an object like Porphyrias Lover, he uses the portrait he commissioned as a means of enjoying the visual aspects of his wife without having to deal with soul underneath. I call / That piece a wonder now shows clearly how the Duke believes his wife merely to be a possession of his. However unlike Porphyrias Lover, The Dukes perfection is somewhat tainted by the fact that another man painted her with a look of depth and passion which reveals the personality underneath the face. In this patriarchal environment in which My Last Duchess was set women and paintings were often considered to be the same as they are both commodities which show the wealth and success of a husband. Beautiful paintings showed that the husband could afford a talented artist and beautiful women came with smaller dowries thus showing that the male figure could meet the expense of his wife. The personas justifications for the murder of their partners are so weak that it is clear that Browning clearly deemed the male view that the best wife is a dead woman to be immoral. The characters personalities and the radical action taken provoke anger and shock within the reader and cause pity for the deceased women as Browning allows the reader to draw the conclusion that they were undeserving of their death. Not only does the murder seem unjust, but the way the male personas treat their dead lovers after their death stimulates bitterness. The Lovers manipulating of Porphyrias body presents a grotesque image whereas the Dukes use of his wifes portrait as a means of showing his power and success shows his character to be egotistical.

Coca Colas Micro and Macro Environment Essays

Coca Colas Micro and Macro Environment Essays Coca Colas Micro and Macro Environment Paper Coca Colas Micro and Macro Environment Paper Macro inappropriatenesss main role is to match competences, abilities and resources within the organization and market opportunities outside outside of the organization. Understanding of customers needs is main essence of whole story but marketers should also be aware of factors and forces that can cause customer needs to be evolve. A change in customers needs will directly affect ability of organization to serve customers, this really implies for marketers to be aware of what is happening in external or macro environment. Objectifications. Com[accessed : 11 seep , 2009 )surest Bed (2004) describes Macro environment as composition of social and international ores that affect the society within which an organization operates. There is not much that companies can do to control these powerful forces therefore it is very much of importance for marketers to understand these factors and forces so that they can devise an optimal marketing strategy to handle these conditions. According to Kettle(1984), The macro environment consist of the larger societal forces that affect micro environment (internal). These forces are Peg Peg Upstart . Peg marketing Mix ,Econometrical Kumar(2004) suggested that this element indicates economic trends of external environments and identifies overall economic disposition of individuals and society , their paying capacity , earning , interest rates , inflation and unemployment rates. This factor is of very much importance as customers sort out their needs according to their paying capacity. For example if overall economical disposition of a town is not that good , it means people living in that town are less capable of spending much , this analysis can help marketers to select right kind of products in that town. Demographical is study of human populations in terms of size, density, action, age, sex, race, and occupation . It can identify the different age structure, which is necessary, as marketers need to know who they have to serve, it allows them to make the profit making decisions for the marketing mix. Identify trends in population growth at relevant ages for your industry(there may be zero population growth in general but high growth in the number of people over 65). It help identify marketers of their customers, less growth of married couple in town shows that there is an increase in unmarried people and civil partnerships and usually it is seen that unmarried couple in different regions f the world tends less attracted of having children , eventually can be summarizes that less married people , less consumption of children products particular to that area. Weatherboardings. Com , [accessed : 09 Seep , macro legal environment identifies legal changes and restriction for products to launch and grow their profitability , for example in many areas of world some products are not liked and allowed to sell due to societal or religious obligations , in many areas some particular products and trends are warm welcomes , an example of this is pork and wine which is not permitted to trade legally . Therefore major food chains as McDonald and KEF use other sources to serve their customer. Political and sociologically and social macro environment identifies societal motives and trends , for example , in modern day world people prefer organic foods and greener environment , social behaviors , values and norms , society attitude towards different issues as global warming , make of family structure etc . Politically these issues are legalized in different areas of the world. Technologically identifies changes in daily life technological scenarios of societies as now online markets has taken place of high street , online renovations play an important part in daily trade of economy. Manage. Com [accessed : 09 Seep 2009 ])intercultural forces are also an important players in this regard as it heavily matters , what kind of weather a particular group of people living in. You cannot sell fur coats in Kenya and most parts of warm weathered countries, especially in hot summer. Likewise in Russia and Canada thin clothes are rare and clothes to cope with tough winter season are most likely to be accepted. The natural environment consists of natural resources that are required as inputs by marketers , natural disasters can cause a change in demand. The cultural environments environment consist of institutions and other forces that affect societys basic values, perceptions, priorities and behaviors An organization must carefully watch and respond to changes in these forces as they all can shape opportunities and also create threats. (schoolteachers. Us C accessed : 11 Seep , 2009 )The Coca-Cola Counterrevolutionary Coca-Cola Company is the biggest name in beverage industry , largest manufacturer , distributor and marketer of non alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups in the world and one of the largest corporation in United States and Europe. The company is famous for TTS most famous product Coca Cola it was invented by pharmacist John Stitch Phenomenon in 1886. Formula and brand was bought by Coca Cola in 1892 , besides this flagship product Coca Cola currents sells near 400 brands over 200 countries and territories and serve 1. 5 billion serving per day. The company operates on franchise system from 1889 where The Coca Cola only produces concentrated syrups which are then sold to various bottlers throughout the world. Headquarter of Coca Cola is in Atlanta , Georgia and its current chairman is Mutter Kent. Wisped. Com [access : 13 Seep 2009] Bottlenecks cola normally produces concentrated syrups an then sell these syrups to its franchise bottlers who hold franchises, Coca cola bottlers , who got exclusive contracts with parent company then produces finished products in cans and bottles from concentrates syrup and add filtered water and sweeteners. The bottlers then sell and distribute resulting product to retail stores , vending machines , restaurants and food services etc. One important exclusion of this relationship between Coca Cola and its bottlers is fountain syrups in United States where Coca Cola directly sell and manufacture fountain syrups to authorized fountain wholesalers and retailers. In 2005 , The Coca Cola had equity positioning in 51 unconsolidated bottling, canning and distribution operations that resulted nearly 58 % of volume notable exception to this general relationship benzene TCL and bottlers is fountain syrups in the United States, where TCL bypasses bottlers and is responsible for the manufacture and sale Of fountain Syrups directly to authorized fountain wholesalers and some fountain retailers. In 2005, The Coca-Cola Company had equity positions in 51 unconsolidated titling, canning and distribution operations which produced approximately 58% of volume. Toecap-Colombian. Com[ access : 15 Seep , 2009 of Macro environment on Coca Colonial will discuss how macro environment has change course of strategy of Coca Cola Demographic environment has a solid impact on soft drink industry in different ways , youth and young adults are major consumers of Coca Cola , as a result of less fertility of ass there is a major decline in this volume of consumer group , moreover worst economic situation has sent common consumers in deep stress. Number of consumers for alcoholic drinks has risen in last year. Surveys has shown that underage of 25 , alcoholic drinks usage has risen significantly this has dropped popularity of soft drinks . New brands with zero sugar and diet products by Coca Cola has attracted many customers of old age to come back to these drinks. The society is now more educated and concerned. Soft drinks arent considered healthy, and as people know of the problems linked with drinking bad drinks that rot teeth, it has an effect on the soft drink industry . There are many developments in the bottling, to suit image, such as Coca-Colas slick shape, the different sizes, which provide more acceptability and market attractiveness. Coca Cola is main sponsor for sports events in all areas Of the world , this make people feel that Coca Cola is helping society for the sake of good as they expect from large organizations to help society. (A Buckley , 1993)Economical situations plays an important role in macro environment . In the soft drink industry prices vary significantly. Cheap Products attract more customers than expensive ones especially in times of economic struggle. In year 2008 net assets and income for Coca Cola has dropped due to economic struggle factor as this Coca Colas product is mainly unconsumed by young people , decline in earning of parents has minimized their budget and spending capacity for their children. The natural environment problems or people concerned of greener world are more satisfied as cans are recycled after usage and create no harm to environment. We have seen many alterations of flavor inventions, and then many more flavors too. These include diet and caffeine free to attract the more healthy conscious, many fruity-flavored soft drinks, and many more. His is due to the technology environment, Industry is using the developments in technology to provide more varieties to access a greater market. G. Lancaster and P. Reynolds , 1998) Political , legal environment , The enhanced concern for the environment also comes under the topic of cultures. Besides, cultures have many other influences, like peoples views about themselves that affect the market. Coca-Cola, promoted that there is an image associated with drinking their product. People use its products as a way of self-expression so they buy what will make them feel good. For example national celebrities images are printed on cans and bottles , green coke is also an example. Conclusion have seen that there are still lot of room for Coca Cola to do in arrest place. Especially now with changing macro environment forces that are compelling market to shrink for soft drinks. Coca Cola has realized change in external environment and introduce some new products and price ranges including offers for retailers and individuals. diet coke and zero coke are brands to attract customers who are more concerned about their health. In 2007 low and now sugar products were launched making this range up to 53% from 2001 in Britain . Glacial vitamin water is launched in London which is single packing of 500 ml With three different flavors of orange , lemonade and raspberry/apple. In the soft drink industry these forces are mostly all positive and therefore can benefit the consumers. Part Bodacious how marketing mix is used by selected organization to gain competitive advantages Marketing MixlntroductionMarketing mix is a concept first presented by Neil H. Borden in his articles in 1964 , Borden started using this term after Scullion named marketing manager a mixer of ingredients. McCarthy grouped these elements into 4 AS. Afterwards as industry grew more complicated and integrated especially after technological boom that brought world globally on a scenario of local market , now to grasp he view more comprehensively it is also described as ups by some authors. (Wisped. Com [ accessed 1 7 Seep decisions mainly fall into these controllable elements or categories :Productions can be any tangible or intangible entity introduced in market. Its main features customer needs;Profitable;Can attract customers (appearance)Perceiving is an important ingredient of marketing mix because price influences on from both angles , if prices are high , people would other cheap products but on the same time people would consider it a prestige and high standard of buying this product. But if price is low it will have as a same impact as in case of high , so market should be analyses to decide about price plan that where this product is going to be launch and who will be its main consumers. (Biked. O. UK[accessed : 21 Seep 2009])Place/PositionDistribution channels and stores where product will be placed and sold out are of very much importance as this easy access leads to frequent sales. Promotion;Prize draw; Promotional codes;Gift vociferousnesss involved in planning up to selling of product are people , customer service , follow up staff , delivery staff , packaging staff etc. Staff should be well turned up and trained towards achieving targets. Productions design and its preparation to its distribution is called process. Physical epidemiological evidence is judged to check customers satisfaction levels and for any changes in advertisements campaigns and distribution channels etc. ;Customers response,;Market share analysis(Better Kyle , 7 Ways to Improve Profit Through Both Long- and Short-Term Strategies)Marketing Mix in Coca Cloacae-Cola is the largest manufacturer, marketer, and distributor of non-alcoholic beverages and different brands of soft drinks. Now we will look at how Coca-Cola has used their marketing mix. The marketing mix is a combination Of 4 parts; product, price, promotions and place. The product- The product (Coca-Cola soft drink) not only includes just the liquid in it but also the packaging. On the product-service continuum we see that a soft drink provides little service, apart from the convenience and comfort. Soft drinks are mainly to satisfy the need of thirst. However, people are always of different nature an behaviors, some like more and others want less. Therefore Coca-Cola have made available different choices by providing many sizes. Consumers also can have particular tastes, and in this field , they also have been provided lot of options. So, although thirst is basic need to be satisfied and that is the main job required, consumer are having other advantages in the taste and size. This all sum up to the product line, which is a term used to describe a group of products that are close in their functions in a similar way, are sold to the same consumer groups, and advertise in the same way. Coca-Cola has introduced lot of different flavors and sizes as described earlier, but also several brands such as Sprite, Lift, Fauna and Diet Coke that enhance the product line length, making full use of the market to maximize profitability and growth. Coca-Cola, however, also focuses on creating an image of the product. With the help of this they make it social drink, one thou would like to have in ago times. So when consumers go and buy Coca-Cola, they are not only satisfying thirst but taking on an image, an idea and reasonably related thought. We are going to a party we have to get Coca-Cola. Through promotion people now been transferred the idea that its only cool to drink Coca-Cola, and to be seen with anything else is cheap. One of its advertising managing focused on enjoying of drinks , they have infused a thought that drinking is not only required when you are thirsty but it can be used when one want to relax and enjoy or get rid of stress in daily routine life. The product is made convenient , to be bought on frequent basis, instant , and with a minimum of comparison and buying effort . The appearance of the product is attractive with the bright red color. It has a intelligently designed bottle shape that fits in your hand better, and reflects a cool and more futuristic look. The quality of the soft drink should be high on permanent basis. Sealed caps guarantee that fizz is not lost. The bottles are light weight , with comparatively flexible packaging, so they wont break or leak, and are not too much heavy to casually walk around with. The cans are also light and safe. All of this is a part of the product, from the drink to the image. And with the help of promotions Coca-Cola points to create an attractiveness for this. Some of their advertisement campaigns include beach scenes, which creates a connection of Coca-Cola and fun together in consumers mind. Coca-Cola heavily focus on advertisement schemes, always willing and looking for new ideas and flooding the TV with Coca-Cola, most of the time boosting their image as being socially accepted and fun. Coca-Cola works on the pull strategy in their advertisements. As, they urge to the consumers to create the demand for their product which creates a demand on the retailers and then back to them. For example, in supermarkets and convenience stores Coca-Cola has their own fridge which contains only their products. There is little personal selling, but that is made up for in public relations and corporate image. Coca-Cola is major sponsors in lot of events happening in the world of sports and recreational activities. This is another way of creating awareness and bonds for the product. They also use competitions tricks, for example by opening lid you can win an instant prize, to encourage consumers to buy their product over the competitions products. Coca-Cola promotions then create knowledge and overall liking about the product through campaigns that tells it has the best taste, is the most popular and is the one of the future ,in short , making it best of all, whilst appealing to a large group of consumers. Coca-Cola approaches all possible retailing stores in working over third part, place. In supermarkets and convenient stores Coca-Cola products are always very easy to identify, and normally make up the greater chances of buying it. This increases their market exposure through effective use of the distribution channels. For a FMC it is of very much important that they can be located and purchased easily. With the many automatic can machines located in many sports stadiums and shopping malls, you dont need to go in any store. It increases circulation speed of the product. Pricing strategy is the last area of the marketing mix. Coca-Cola products would appear, on the racks, with most expensive range of soft drinks moon to supermarkets, at approximately double the price of no name brands. It is due to multiple reason , one is obvious to cover extra cost of advertisement campaigns, prices kept high to create a special image of the product in consumers mind that they are nor only buying a drink but they are entering in a special range of fun recreation , it depicts an idea that everyone is not cool and futuristic. That is why in most of its campaign , coke is being consumed by people who are extra ordinary and ideal for a larger group of people. In this way it creates assumption in ones mind of being different room norms. When people buy Coca-Cola they are not just buying the beverage but also the image that goes with it, therefore to have the price higher reiterates the fact that the product is of a better quality than the rest and that creates a feeling in consumers mind that he is not cheap. This is known as value-based pricing and is used by many other industries in attracting consumers. A. Hutching 1995)Conclusions-Cola is using marketing mix to get an advantage over its rivals . As we know , it is an age of self awareness and educated society . This society is more concerned about health and environmental issues. Now consumers also think and decide who is better in market not only from product aspect but overall rating is given on the basis of organizations participation and awareness in different issues of modern ay Coca-Cola is well known for intelligently using all these cards to get dominance over its competitors and is successful in my point of view.

7 Reasons Why Everyone Should Go To College

7 Reasons Why Everyone Should Go To College From the moment you enter your first years of schooling, you are always told one thing: College is the best way for you to get what you want out of life. But why do people go to college? Does it really help you better achieve your goals and live a better life? Should everyone go to college? While going to college is a huge commitment of your time and energy, many studies have been conducted that show the benefits of seeking higher education far outweighs the costs. Check out 7 reasons why everyone should get higher education! Top 7 Reasons Why Everyone Should Go To College 1. There Is a Whole World of Knowledge to Be Discovered Going to college today isnt like what it was in the past. These days, courses are offered in a wide variety of fields. When you include the elective courses you can take, your options for learning everything from rocket science to 1990’s cartoons are limitless! While there are classes that seem silly to take, the opportunity to learn a variety of information on an array of topics can increase your social, personal, and employment prospects. 2. College Is Where to Figure Out What You Don’t Want to Do For most people, going to college means learning that what you wanted to doisnt actually what you want to do. When we go to college we open ourselves up to more opportunities that we didnt know we had or even liked. Being able to spend your time actively pursuing what you think you want to do rather than dreaming and idealizing it is a fantastic way to build your confidence and find your true passion in life! 3. The Financial Benefit Is Well Worth the Time Sacrifice As pointed out by Stephanie Owen and Isabel Sawhill in their research studies titled, â€Å"Should Everyone Go To College?†, going to college has a financial benefit that makes your time (and mental) sacrifices worth the commitment. According to their research, college graduates earn over $570,000 more in a lifetime with a four-year degree when compared to those that only achieved a high-school diploma. The financial benefits can be even greater for college graduates when you factor in the type of degree, the field of specialization, and the number of scholarships and grants you receive. 4. Never Lose Your Edge in a Competitive Job Market Did you know that as of 2018, the unemployment rate for those with a college degree is 2.1% compared to the 4.2% it is for those with only a high school diploma? A college degree demonstrates to employers that you have dedicated the time and energy required to be a reliable employee who can meet deadlines, maintain an organized schedule, and deal with high-pressure situations. 5. Your Degree Is Valuable All Over the World Is it your dream to travel the world and live in foreign places? If that is the case, going to college is an excellent way to achieve these dreams! The foreign job market, especially for native English speakers, is ripe for those with a college degree. Many people go on to teach English in other countries after college. Others, with more advanced degrees and additional foreign language skills, can go on to work for international corporations in some of the most exotic places in the world! 6. Get Prepared For What Life After School Is Really Like Unlike high-school, college requires you to be solely responsible for maintaining your class schedule and completing coursework. Learning to manage your time effectively is an important step that makes life after college much easier. Though you can always ask us to write your coursework for you. Many books already validate the benefits of creating and maintaining solid routines early in life so that you can keep yourself on the right track towards educational and career success! 7. Get the Tools You Need to Start Your Own Business If your goal is starting your own business, then college is definitely the right choice for you! Marketing, advertising, and business management courses give you the know-how and experience to successfully start, run, and maintain your business. Additionally, being skilled in creating solid business plans coupled with your degree can make you more eligible to receive loans from the bank to get your business up and running. If you cant create it by yourself you can always ask EssayTigers to write your business plan for you. There are always exceptions to the rule Only about 40% of the US population has earned a bachelors degree or higher. But there are plenty of successful people that didnt go to college. Reasons for not going to college can include: Lack of finances Inability to balance school/home/work obligations No desire to continue education after high-school Already experienced in a desired skill or trade Just because you dont go to college doesnt mean that you cant reach your goals and aspirations. It only means that you will have to work just as hard to achieve them! By the way, weve recently completed the blog on what   options you have if you dont want to go to college. Check out these celebrities, start-up founders, and social media superstars who had the drive and determination to take the high-risk move of pursuing their dreams on their terms without attending college: Ellen Degeneres Russell Simmons Steve Jobs Kim Kardashian John Rockefeller Rachael Ray And more! The Takeaway Making the choice to go to college is a sure-fire way to secure and elevate your financial, professional, and social future! If you are overwhelmed by the choices and decisions you need to make when preparing for attending college, check out the services that are specially designed to help. Give yourself the future you want and start the college application process today!

The importance of customer support services Essay

The importance of customer support services - Essay Example To become a multinational company the management has to expand its units across the country. As company and its other units are slowly expanding so does the problems are increasing day by day. Let's take the example of High Fields Hotels. High Fields Hotels comprises a group of five hotels based in Southampton and concentrates more on weeknight business clienteles. Employing proper technological applications for appropriate work solves many problems. High fields Hotels uses latest technological applications that solve daily problems with ease. High Fields Hotels uses PCs to meet the requirements like billing, checking in and checking out of the customers etc High Fields Hotels uses network systems in the five hotels. They use a central reservation systems that can keep them updated about the different activities of the hotels all the time. Their strategies include low price and highly qualified customer care service. This factor played an important role in the long-term development of the Hotel. The cheaper prices with high quality service and further free goodies attracted many. Another factor is the customer service. Customer plays an important role in the development of the company because it is the customer who uses the product that was developed by the companies was good at it. In any marketing sector marketing plan is considered to be very imp... The important elements of marketing plan are to precisely define the business, identify the goals and serve as the firm's resume. Pro forma balance sheet, an income statement, planning precise strategies and cash flow analyses comprises the basic components of a marketing plan. Preparing a marketing plan helps in the allocation of resources properly, making good decisions and handling of unseen or unexpected complications that may become hurdle in the future development of the business. One of the important aspects of marketing plan is that it provides organized information about the company and importantly a good business plan helps in attaining a loan application. Other important applications include informing the details of the company to the sales personnel, suppliers and others so that they become aware of company's goals and achievements. One of the important areas of development in consumer marketing section is attracting customers. According to marketing and advertising rules and guidelines, customers always impress upon to buy something for themselves. The marketing agencies to attract the customers, they make publicity of their product through media. High Fields Hotels strategies fully coincide with the above rules. In the present market everything sells by brand names, the marketers are expected to put up good brand name products for sale. The purchaser desires to have or own a good brand name product and material with good quality at reasonable and cheaper rate. If the marketers were able to meet this demand of people of the society, definitely there would be a souring business for their product. High Fields Hotels from its good service, customer support service and with competitive prices has achieved this. The

Brand management in Irelands indigenous sector Essay

Brand management in Irelands indigenous sector - Essay Example 442). Brand assets are difficult and expensive to develop, maintain, and adapt. The offering environment is cluttered, confused, and complex in part because of the proliferation of products, brands, and sub-brands. Dynamic market contexts with the emergence of new sub-categories make it necessary to adapt and stretch brands, putting additional strain on their ability to deliver the needed support. Consequently to understand the dynamics of brand management and assess whether or not they are successful in communicating the brand to consumers and whether or not those strategies enhance their brand equity, this proposal was developed. The organization of this proposal is the following. Firstly, a description of the project is presented. Secondly, the methodology is proposed. Thirdly, an approximated time schedule of research is developed. Finally, a provisional table of contents is suggested. The aim of this research is to assess whether a firm is successful in communicating the brand to consumers and whether their strategies enhance their brand equity of three Ireland companies. Consequently, the general objective is: In reference to academic relevance, this research pretends to support empirical evidence to the field of marketing metrics. The suggestion of Rust et al. (2004) about search for empirical support to the chain of marketing activities has been taken into account. With respect to managerial relevance, th... 1.3. Academic and Managerial Relevance of the Subject In reference to academic relevance, this research pretends to support empirical evidence to the field of marketing metrics. The suggestion of Rust et al. (2004) about search for empirical support to the chain of marketing activities has been taken into account. With respect to managerial relevance, this research pretends not only to tell the board that brand management contributes to the company, but also to give them the effectiveness of marketing in money terms. 2. Description of the Project 2.1. Literature Review in Short 2.1.1. Brand Management Brand Management is the best way for firms to manage their precious brand assets (Low and Fullerton 1994). Additionally, brand managers are responsible for the performance of brands as well as central coordinators of all marketing activities for their brand and responsible for developing and implementing marketing plan. Along the years the research in Brand Management has been associated with Corporate approach, Retailing, Strategies, Alliances, Brand Extension, new Research methodology approaches, Non-profit firms, International decisions, and others. One reason for studying brand arises from a strategy-based motivation to improve marketing productivity (Keller 1993). Perhaps a firm's most valuable asset for enhancing marketing productivity is the knowledge that has been created about the brand in consumers' mind from the firm's investments in previous marketing programs. What consumers know about brands is the brand knowledge. On the other hand, brand Awareness is related to the strength of the brand node or trace in

Marketing Strategies of Sky Broadcasting PLC Case Study

Marketing Strategies of Sky Broadcasting PLC - Case Study Example Rupert Murdoch was the founder of Sky Television plc. In the beginning the company was four-channel satellite television service. Sky Television merged with collapsed rival British Satellite Broadcasting in 1990 to form British Sky Broadcasting (BSkyB) (Wikipedia, 2008) British Sky Broadcasting "Sky" has a customer base of approximately 21 million viewers in 8.1 million households. The company is one of the leading multi-channel television platforms in the UK and Ireland. The broadcasting service provide its subscribers with an array of movies, news, entertainment and sports channels and interactive services on Sky Digital, the UK and Ireland's first and most popular digital television platform. Being a volatile organization, the sky broadcasting earns its 80% income from its digital TV subscribers. Although the organization is the major player of UK media industry but the company strongly adheres with the policy of customer retention which most of organizations don't follow. In order to keep its customer constantly satisfied the organization has a large scale customer call center which not only undertake the marketing activities for the company but also increase the satisfaction level of the old customers by providing them instant information regarding their queries. The company employs approximately 6,000 people in various internal and outsourced customer contact centers, which play a major role in Sky's operations, because the contact center staff has front-line responsibility for maintaining the vital relationship between Sky and its digital TV customer base. Nowadays, marketing communication and advertising is becoming exceedingly important in everyday life. The use of the Internet has augmented the importance of advertising as advertisements about a specific brand or product reach people easier. Moreover, Jones (1995) states that "advertising is capable of a sharp immediate effect on sales" which plays a main role in enhancing the brand name.Furthermore many advertisements have deeper meanings than when seen at first sight especially in magazines where the main goal of the advertisement is to convey a message to the readers through the use of text or symbols. Central to much of modern day advertising in glossy magazines is the use of the metaphor (Proctor et. al, 2005). Metaphors are often used to broaden the way of understanding things. They also lead to a high level of ambiguity in the metaphoric form.Advertisers are finding it more and more difficult to persuade consumers about a specific product. But the Sky broadcasting is dealing with the challenges by undertaking following creative opportunities: 1. With the involvement of superior level of animation, 3D and visual effects the company caters the needs of customers in the field of Branding, Sponsorship, Promotions & Script writing, Directing and Program packaging. 2. On-line: Sky broadcasting deals with all aspects of Interactive & new media advertising & design including web, EPG, interactive

No State Sponsors, No Terror argument Research Paper

No State Sponsors, No Terror argument - Research Paper Example Jasper’s article No State Sponsors, No Terror argues that terrorism thrives only with the aid of state sponsorship and support. Terrorism is by nature a clandestine operation and as such, states will not overtly admit complicity in terrorist activities. In this regard, terrorism represents the epitome of irregular warfare and confirms 6th century B.C. Chinese military general Sun Tzu’s contention that â€Å"all warfare is based on deception.† This essay analyses Jasper’s No State Sponsors, No Terror and argues that while the most successful international terrorists have thrived with the aid of material state-sponsorship, terrorism can succeed without state-sponsorship. However, when the international legal definition of state-sponsorship of terrorism is used, it is difficult to anticipate terrorism thriving without state-sponsorship. Therefore, Jasper’s argument that terrorism will fade away without state-sponsorship is correct when the internationa l legal definition of state-sponsorship of terrorism is applied.Summary.Jasper starts out by introducing the reader to Sun Tzu’s The Art of War philosophy which hinges on the concept that â€Å"all warfare is based on deception.† Jasper then moves on to describe the clandestine and secret operations of international terrorism. He describes the work of Hezbollah’s â€Å"terror master,† Imad Fayez Mugniyeh, who happened to operate clandestinely since the early 1980s at the age of 20.

My Personal Code of Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

My Personal Code of Ethics - Essay Example Still others have no real faith and try to build a moral foundation out of their personal experience adding rules and content to it as the years go by. In this essay I will look at some of the most popular moral schemas—and the obligations that come from them—and then describe my own view on this vast and important subject. I was brought up in a religious family and was baptized in the church. Not all of my family was very religious, but my mother and my brother and sister were. I was instructed in the Sunday school with the typical Christian moral precepts: the Golden Rule, love they neighbour, the Ten Commandments. But these ideas seemed to me to be much more like common sense then in any idea that needed to be divinely revealed. I didn’t really understand why a god was required to supervise or implement these rules as it seemed to me that most people basically followed them anyway. I did, however, become interested in the way that this sort of morality influenced American politics and how many of the principles of the constitution seemed to be based of Judea-Christian values. I totally agree with the French history Alexis de Tocqueville when he visited American hundreds of years ago and wrote: The principles of New England †¦ now extend their influence beyond its limits, over the whole American world. The civilization of New England has been like a beacon lit upon a hill†¦. †¦ Puritanism was not merely a religious doctrine, but corresponded in many points with the most absolute democratic and republican theories. †¦Nathaniel Morton, the historian of the first years of the settlement, thus opens his subject: â€Å"we may not hide from our children, showing to the generations to come the praises of the Lord; that especially the seed of Abraham his servant, and the children of Jacob his chosen ( Psalm cv. 5, 6 ), may remember his marvellous works in the beginning †¦ â€Å" †¦ The general principles which are the groundwork of modern

No State Sponsors, No Terror argument Research Paper

No State Sponsors, No Terror argument - Research Paper Example Jasper’s article No State Sponsors, No Terror argues that terrorism thrives only with the aid of state sponsorship and support. Terrorism is by nature a clandestine operation and as such, states will not overtly admit complicity in terrorist activities. In this regard, terrorism represents the epitome of irregular warfare and confirms 6th century B.C. Chinese military general Sun Tzu’s contention that â€Å"all warfare is based on deception.† This essay analyses Jasper’s No State Sponsors, No Terror and argues that while the most successful international terrorists have thrived with the aid of material state-sponsorship, terrorism can succeed without state-sponsorship. However, when the international legal definition of state-sponsorship of terrorism is used, it is difficult to anticipate terrorism thriving without state-sponsorship. Therefore, Jasper’s argument that terrorism will fade away without state-sponsorship is correct when the internationa l legal definition of state-sponsorship of terrorism is applied.Summary.Jasper starts out by introducing the reader to Sun Tzu’s The Art of War philosophy which hinges on the concept that â€Å"all warfare is based on deception.† Jasper then moves on to describe the clandestine and secret operations of international terrorism. He describes the work of Hezbollah’s â€Å"terror master,† Imad Fayez Mugniyeh, who happened to operate clandestinely since the early 1980s at the age of 20.

Dq-Sheila Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dq-Sheila - Essay Example Case studies as well as phenomenological studies are both appropriate for qualitative research (Astalin, 2013). The two research designs start with research questions that direct the type of data to be collected. Interview and observations as well as review of documents are the main sources of information/data to both designs (Cheneli, 2011). Despite being similar in some aspects, case studies and phenomenological studies have differences that make them unique from each other. Phenomenological study gathers information on the life experience of research subjects (Kafle, 2011). This research design is used to illuminate the reaction of the subjects to a specific phenomenon. Case study on the other hand relates to an event or a program that have specific influence on the research subjects in a given environment (Cheneli, 2011). The data collected aim at investigating the exact benefits of a subject being in one environment compared to the other. Due to the nature of the research design, phenomenological study ask questions that aim at exposing inner perceptions of a subject on a particular issues (Kafle, 2011). The interpretation to such information paves way to attaching meaning to reaction. For example, a phenomenological researcher may ask a question like; what is the importance of going through formal education to an individual? This question gives room to the research subject to express their view based on experience. The person will respond to such questions using their live world. A case study on the other hand asks questions whose focus is evaluating the effect of the different surroundings to the research subjects (Hyett et al., 2014). A typical question in a case study could be; what is the best approach to addressing negative external influence in an organization? This question directs the subject to think in line with different

The Da Vinci Code Essay Example for Free

The Da Vinci Code Essay Robert and Sophie will crack cryptex’s and anagrams with number puzzles, run from the police, and cheat death in this amazing book. For example for one of the codes they have to crack the key opens a safe deposit box at the Paris branch of the Depository Bank of Zurich. Saunieres account number turns out to be 10 digits. The digits of the first eight Fibonacci numbers: 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21. If you like this, there are many more to come. Second of All, why I think people should read this book is because, this book has lots of information in the pages about Christianity, Da Vinci, and a lot more. So if you’re in to learning about things while you read this is definitely the book you should read. The ultimate solution is found to be intimately connected with the possible location of the Holy Grail. This all also ties in with the history of Christianity and it ties in with Da Vinci. If you think all this information is interesting wait till you read this information filled book. Last but Certainly Not Least, why I think people should read this book is because, of this fantastic story line they used in this book. The novel has several concurrent subplots interweaving the lives of different characters. Eventually, all the characters are brought together and the sub-plots resolved in the main plot at the end of the book. There is nothing that would make this story plot more amazing. The fact that it is like a detective case because, Bezu suspects Robert Langdon as a suspect of killing Sauniere in the gallery is just so genius. In conclusion, I think people should read this book for these reasons: this book is a suspenseful and thrilling novel, this book has lots of information in the pages, and last the fantastic story line they used in this book. If any of these reasons interest you I recommend this book to you. In fact, I suggest you go to your local book store and pick up this book. A little information never hurt anyone. Some Info. On Dan Brown Dan Brown was born on June 22, 1964. He grew up in Exeter, New Hampshire. He is the author of numerous best-selling novels, including the 1 New York Times bestseller, â€Å"The Da Vinci Code†. One of the best selling novels of all time. It was published early in early 2004 by Bantam Press.

Concepts of Time Travel: Wormholes, Gravity and Blackholes

Concepts of Time Travel: Wormholes, Gravity and Blackholes Any sort of time travel to the past through wormholes or any viable strategy is presumably incomprehensible, generally mysteries might happen. So unfortunately, it seems that time travel to the past will never happen; a bafflement for dinosaur seekers and an easing for antiquarians. How to travel in future? Through wormholes: We should enjoy a little science fiction for a minute. Time travel motion pictures regularly offer an immense, vitality hungry machine. The machine makes a way through the fourth measurement, a tunnel through time. A time traveler, youthful hearted, a fearless, maybe reckless individual, ready for who realizes what, steps into the time tunnel and rises who knows when. The idea may be outlandish, and the actuality may be altogether different from this, yet the thought itself is not so insane. As should be obvious these films from a century ago are continually providing for some mind boggling and exceptional plans to individuals. In this way, much the same as those motion pictures physicists have been contemplating tunnels in time, dark gaps and going at the rate of light, However they take a stab at it from an alternate edge. They think about whether gateways to the past or whats to come could ever be conceivable inside according to laws of nature. So, they think they seem to be. Additionally, they have even provided for them a name: WORMHOLES. The reality of the situation is that wormholes are surrounding us, just theyre so little there is no option see. Wormholes are extremely minor. They happen in niches and crevices in space and time. A wormhole is a hypothetical tunnel or alternate route, anticipated by Einsteins hypothesis of relativity, that connections two spots in space-time envisioned above, where negative vitality pulls space-time into the hole of a tunnel, rising in an alternate universe. This have been utilized as a part of movies as conductors for time travel in Star-door, for instance, including gated tunnels between two different universes, and in two different Time times. Its much the same as a tunnel/connect between two structures; think about 2 persons need to go from first buildings top carpet to the others, individual a picked the tunnel and he arrived at rapidly as contrasted with the second individual who first went down and after that entered in second building and took a lift for top floor. Much the same as those tunnels wormholes are tunnels between two separate periods of space-time fabric. Nothing is level or strong. In the event that you gaze nearly enough toward anything youll discover openings and wrinkles in it. Its an essential physical rule, and it even applies to time. Actually something as smooth as nails has small openings, wrinkles and voids. Notwithstanding its not difficult to show that this is correct in the initial three sizes. Anyhow as stated by Einstein, its likewise valid for the fourth extent. There are little openings, wrinkles and voids in time. They are more diminutive even than sand, littler than particles. Small tunnels or easy routes through space and time always structure, vanish, and change inside this smaller than usual micro world. Furthermore they really interface two separate spots and two separate times, as should be obvious above in. Whats more if by one means or another through enough power and propelled innovation, a goliath wormhole will have been built in space so that our spaceship (time machine) could go through it. It might be a sincerely astonishing gadget. One end could be here close Earth, and the other far, far away, close to some removed planet. Hypothetically, a period tunnel or wormhole could do significantly more than take us to different planets. In the event that both finishes were in the same place, and differentiated by time rather than separation, a boat could fly in and turn out still close Earth, yet in the inaccessible past. Possibly Mughal Emperors might witness the boat coming in for an arriving or in future where we might meet our amazing grand grand kids. HOW THEY ARE USELESS? They remain just theoretical, as clearly no one has ever seen one, lamentably, these genuine time tunnels are simply a billion-trillion-trillionths of a centimeter (10^-33cm) over. Much excessively little for a human to pass through, yet heres the place the thought of wormhole time machines is heading. A few researchers think it may be conceivable to catch a wormhole and extend it numerous trillions of times to become showbiz royalty enough for a man or even any travelling object to enter. At the same time, to do so they require extremely enormous measure of vitality, for a wormhole something like 1 meter over, huge enough to fit an individual, youd require a Jupiters value of mass changed over into vitality, and beyond any doubt its unimaginable and almost incomprehensible. We should think about on the off chance that it is conceivable to do it, yet according to Stephen Hawking: Wormhole like this much big cant exist. Whats more the explanation behind that is reaction. If you ever went to any concert, youll presumably distinguish this shrieking clamor. Its reaction. What causes it is basic. Sound enters the amplifier. Its transmitted along the wires, made louder by the enhancer, and turns out at the speakers. However in the event that excessively of the sound from the speakers about-faces into the mic it goes around and around in a circle getting louder each one time. In the event that nobody stops it, criticism can wreck the sound framework. The same problem will occur with a wormhole, just with radiation rather than sound. When the wormhole stretches, characteristic radiation will enter it, and wind up in a circle. The reaction will get to be so solid it obliterates the wormhole. So despite the fact that little wormholes do exist, and it may be conceivable to blow up one sometime, it wont keep going long enough to be useful as a time machine. So time travel through wormhole is not conceivable. Be that as it may the storys not over yet. This doesnt set aside a few minutes travel incomprehensible. TIME TRAVEL THROUGH GRAVITY and BLACK HOLES: Time streams like a stream and it appears to be as though each of us is conveyed persistently along by times current. Anyhow time is similar to a waterway in an alternate way. It streams at distinctive speeds in better places and that is the way to going into whats to come. This thought was initially proposed by Albert Einstein in excess of 100 years prior. He understood that there ought to be places where time backs off, and others where time accelerates. He was completely right. GPS, A system of satellites is in circle around Earth. The satellites make satellite route conceivable. Be that as it may they likewise uncover that time runs speedier in space than it does down here on Earth. Inside every rocket is an extremely exact clock. At the same time in spite of being so precise, they all increase around a minor of a second consistently. The framework need to right for the float, generally that modest contrast might steamed the entire framework, bringing about every GPS gadget on Earth to go out by something like six miles a day. You can simply envision the pandemonium that that might bring about. The issue doesnt lie with the timekeepers. They run quick on the grounds that time itself runs speedier in space than it does down beneath. Furthermore the explanation behind this uncommon impact is the mass of the Earth. Einstein understood that matter delays time and eases it off like the moderate some piece of a waterway. The heavier the item, the more it delays time. Also this startling actuality is the thing that opens the avenue to the likelihood of time travel to whats to come. Planets dont impact excessively on time, we need something truly colossal and enormous body to make the range more curvy so time pass more gradually. The gravity which must be thousand times more amazing than sun. Right in the focal point of the Milky Way, 26 thousands light years from us, lies the most heaviest protest in the system. It is a super-enormous dark gap holding the mass of four million suns smashed down into a solitary point by its gravity. The closer you get to the dark gap, the stronger the gravity. Get truly close and not even light can find a way to get escape. A dark opening like this one has an emotional impact on time, easing it off significantly more than whatever else might be available in the universe. That sets aside a few minutes machine. Presently simply envision how a spaceship/time machine could have the capacity to exploit this wonder, by circling it. On the off chance that a space office were controlling the mission from Earth theyd watch that each one full circle took 16 minutes. At the same time for the fearless individuals ready for, to this gigantic item, time might be backed off. Furthermore here the impact might be significantly more great than the gravitational force of Earth. The teams opportunity might be backed off significantly. For like clockwork circle, theyd just encounter eight minutes of time. Around and around theyd set out for some, encountering simply a fraction of the time of everybody far from the dark gap. The boat and its group might be going through time. Envision they surrounded the dark gap for five of their years. Ten years might pass somewhere else. When they returned home, everybody on Earth might have matured five years more than they had. So as stated by researcher super-huge dark gap is a time machine. How is it impossible? At the same time obviously, its not precisely commonsense. It has favorable circumstances over wormholes in that it doesnt incite mysteries. Also it wont annihilate itself in a blaze of criticism. At the same time its really risky. Its far away and it doesnt even take us far into whats to come. We have to go at the pace of light for 26,000 years to get close to them. Whats more again to do so we dont have enough vitality and life compass. The other point is that on the off chance that we go close to the dark opening, we will fall in it as it has extraordinary gravity that not even light can escape from it. The given focuses demonstrate that time travel through dark gaps is additionally outlandish. Luckily there is an alternate approach to go in time. Whats more this speaks to researchers last and best any expectation of building a time machine. TIME TRAVEL And speed of light: You simply need to travel, quick; much quicker even than the rate needed to abstain from being sucked into a dark opening. This is because of an alternate weird reality about the universe. Theres an inestimable rate confine, 186,000 miles for every second or 299,792,458 meter for every second, otherwise called the velocity of light. Nothing can surpass that speed. Its their one of the best settled standards in science. Accept it or not, as stated by researchers going at close to the pace of light transports you to whats to come. To demonstrate why, how about we think up a science-fiction transportation framework. Envision a track that goes all around Earth, a track for a fastest train. Were going to utilize this nonexistent train to get as close as could be allowed to the pace of light and perceive how it turns into a time machine. Ready for travelers with a restricted ticket to whats to come. The train starts to quicken, quicker and speedier. Before long its circumnavigating the Earth again and again. To approach the rate of light means surrounding the Earth really quick. Seven times each second. Be that as it may regardless of what amount of force the train has, it can never fully achieve the rate of light, since the laws of physical science deny it. Rather, we should say it draws near, only a tiny bit short of that extreme rate. Notwithstanding something phenomenal happens. Time begins streaming gradually ready for to whatever remains of the world, much the same as close to the dark opening, just all the more so. Everything on the train is in moderate movement. This happens to ensure as far as possible, and its not tricky to see why. Envision a kid running advances up the train. Her send pace is added to the velocity of the prepare, so would she be able to break as far as possible basically by mishap? The response is no. The laws of nature keep the likelihood by backing off time locally available. Notwithstanding she cant run quick enough to break the utmost. Time will constantly ease off only enough to ensure as far as possible. Also from that certainty comes the likelihood of voyaging numerous years into whats to come. Envision that the train left the station on February 1, 2020. It rings Earth again and again for 100 prior years at long last stopping on New Years Day, 2120. The travelers will have just existed one week in light of the fact that time is backed off that much inside the train. When they got out theyd discover an altogether different world from the one theyd cleared out. In one week theyd have voyage 100 years into whats to come. Last hope also DIED: Again we require a lot of vitality to move at velocity of light, vitality at any rate equivalents to the half vitality of universe. Besides, as stated by Einstein the quicker you go the heavier you get and additionally, on the off chance that we see the equation of motor vitality K.e=(1/2)mv^2, where m is the mass of anyone and v is its speed. Also this recipe says that our dynamic vitality is specifically relative to the square of our speed, which implies that motor vitality of an item builds because of the movement of that question. Also I believe that moving at any pace does not have any effect. Implies it doesnt make a difference from what speed you are moving, there will be no impact on time, of course, that is one mans feeling. In this way, obviously, fabricating a prepare that could arrive at such a velocity is truly outlandish. Anyway we have manufactured something exceptionally like the train at the worlds biggest atom smasher at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland. Profound underground, in a roundabout tunnel 16 miles in length, is a stream of trillions of small particles. At the point when the force is turned on the quicken from zero to 60,000mph in a small amount of a second. Increment the force and the particles go speedier and quicker, until theyre zooming around the tunnel 11,000 times each second, which is just about the velocity of light. At the same time much the same as the train, they never entirely achieve that extreme rate. They can just get to 99.99 for every penny of the farthest point. At the point when that happens, they excessively begin to go in time. We know this in view of some to a great degree fleeting particles, called pi-mesons. Customarily, they deteriorate after only 25 billionths of a second. However when they are quickened to close light speed they keep going 30 times longer. Well they have demonstrate about it, yet as they are moving those particles almost at velocity of light so there is a huge impact on their vitality level, and most presumably because of progress in vitality those particles change their properties. Henceforth, they keep going 30 times longer because of this reason. It truly is that basic. In the event that we need to go into whats to come, we only need to go quick. Truly quick. Whats more I think the main way were liable to do that is by going into space. The speediest manned vehicle in history was Apollo 10. It arrived at 25,000mph. Be that as it may to go in time well need to go more than 2,000 times speedier. Also to do that wed require a much greater ship, a sincerely huge machine. The boat might need to be huge enough to convey a gigantic measure of fuel, enough to quicken it to about the pace of light. Getting to simply underneath the grandiose pace cutoff might oblige six entire years at full power. The introductory increasing speed might be tender in light of the fact that the boat might be so huge and substantial. In any case step by step it might get velocity and soon might be blanket gigantic separations. In one week it might have arrived at the external planets. Following two years it might achieve half-light speed and be far outside our earths planetary group. Two years after the fact it might be going at 90 for every penny of the rate of light. Around 30 trillion miles far from Earth, and 4 or 4.5 years after launch, the boat might start to go in time. For each hour of time on the boat, two might pass on Earth,a comparative circumstance to the spaceship that circled the monstrous dark gap. After an additional two years of full push the boat might achieve its top speed, 99 percent of the velocity of light. At this velocity, and as stated by the figuring of researchers, a solitary day ready for an entire year of Earth time. Our boat might be sincerely flying into whats to come. Impact of Globalization on Culture | Essay Impact of Globalization on Culture | Essay In todays world of interconnectedness, the conception of independent, coherent, and stable cultures are becoming increasingly rare. Processes of globalization are drawing people from different cultural origins into close relationships as can be seen in the unprecedented expansion of tourism, the flourishing of multinational corporations, the emergence of new geographical unities like the European Community, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, the dissemination of pop culture, the increasing flow of migrations, the growth of diasporas, the emergence of Internet communities, and the establishment of global institutions like the International Monetary Fund and the United Nations. Nevertheless even though cultures are seen as unstable and changing, this shift is generally viewed from a macro perspective, of the bigger affecting the smaller, the process of global affecting the local. The alternative i.e. the local effecting the global is not paid much attention to in globalization literature. This feature of the emerging world has been grasped and theorized by what we call glocalization theory today. The essence of the emerging worldwide phenomenon where globalization and localization are simultaneously transforming the development landscape is captured by Glocalization. The term Glocalization is very similar to the term Globalization and in fact has its roots in it. To understand the essence of glocalization we need to first look at what globalization denotes and the problems with it which gave rise to the glocal as opposed to the global or simply the local. Globalization can be seen as a compression of the world as a whole. But in terms of culture what has become almost commonplace is to think of globalization as a large scale phenomenon that involves the triumph of culturally homogenizing forces over all others. The bigger, is increasingly seen as better. This view has been criticized as having a lack of concern with micro sociological or local issues. So ciologist Ronald Robertson who is instrumental in popularizing the term shows that there have been attempts to propose a global sociology with ventures to incorporate indigenous sociologies into this wider imperative. The process of globalization was being increasingly seen as a tendency which overrides the locality. Thus the concept of Glocalization as Robertson puts it is was needed, as according to him universalism was being countrerposed to particularism. Glocalization essentially encapsulates the simultaneous processes of globalization and localization that are taking place in the world today. The global expressed in the local and the local as the particularization of the global. Globalization The term has its roots in the Japanese term dochakuka which first appeared in the late 1980s in articles by Japanese economists in the Harvard Business Review. The term originally meant adapting farming technique to ones own local condition. The idea was later adopted to refer to global-localization. According to the dictionary meaning, the term glocal and the process noun glocalization are formed by telescoping global and local to make a blend  [1]. Glocalization seems to be a problematic term as it is seen as meaning different things to different people. Roland Robertson, conceptualized glocalization as, the universalization of particularization and the particularization of universalism  [2]. Khondker expressed it as a process combining the twin processes of macro-localization and micro-globalization. For others globalization provokes revival of local cultural identities. Thus in his view local is the provider of the response to the forces that are global. Nevertheless what we adhere to in this paper is the Robertsonian view of glocalization which argues that any focus on the global must have a focus on the local for the two are mutually constitutive of each other; it is not as simple as the global being proactive and the local being reactive. He attributes this to the debates centering on the relationship between the global and the local. The global was scripted as being homogenizing because of the economic and cultural flows associated with it (proactive) and the local being a site of heterogeneity fighting to keep out globalization (reactive). Rethinking globalization in this way leads to the recognition that it is not a process that operates exclusively at a planetary scale, but is constantly being localized in various ways and with different intensities. Forces from above periodically emerge to interrupt local serenity. With local cultural stasis upset by outside forces, a re-stabilization process sets in to enable the emergence o f a new culture more able to cope with the disorder brought on by, in this case, globalization Robertson refers to glocalization as the interpenetration  of the  global  and local  resulting  in unique  outcomes  in different  geographical  areas. At a 1997 conference on Globalization and Indigenous Culture, Robertson said that glocalization means the simultaneity the co-presence of both universalizing and particularizing tendencies. The process also denotes the commonly interconnected processes of homogenization and heterogenization. Theorists of glocalization typically challenge the assumption that globalization processes always endanger the local. Rather, glocalization both highlights how local cultures may critically adapt or resist global phenomena, and reveals the way in which the very creation of localities is a standard component of globalization. There is now a universal normalization of locality, in the sense that local cultures are assumed to arise constantly and particularize themselves vis-a-vis other specific cultures. Some have also termed th is process as internal globalization i.e. globalization is seen as not only a macro structure but to highlight the reality of micro globalization. Internal globalization means that large numbers of people around the globe are now exposed to other cultures on a daily basis without crossing borders on a regular basis, simply through the variety of communication media. Furthermore, they might encounter immigrants, refugees, or tourists in their own locality. They might also encounter cultural artefacts and commercial establishments that bring other cultures into close proximity to their own. The increasing presence of McDonalds restaurants worldwide is an example of globalization, while the restaurant chains menu changes in an attempt to appeal to local palates are an example of glocalization. Perhaps even more illustrative of glocalization: For promotions in France, the restaurant chain recently chose to replace its familiar Ronald McDonald mascot with Asterix the Gaul, a popular Fren ch cartoon character. Products are embedded and then promoted within the local culture. Dannie Kjeldgaard and Soren Askegaard analyze the whole glocalization discourse with respect to youth culture and view them mainly as consumers. According to them youth culture is an institutionalized facet of the market, emerging predominantly from Western cultural currents and diffusing globally. Early youth cultural styles diffused primarily in the West but also to other parts of the modernizing world. Youth culture, like other spheres of social life due to the process of glocalization, is increasingly shaped by and constitutes global cultural flows. They put forth Appadurais analysis who analyzes the global cultural economy by using the landscape metaphor to illustrate such flows within five scapes: ethnoscapes (the flow of people), technoscapes (the flow of technology), finanscapes (the flow of finance and capital), mediascapes (the flow of mediated images), and ideoscapes (the flow of ideas and ideologies). These flows increase the availability of symbols and meanings in consum ers everyday lives in such a way that much of what is available in one place is also available in any other place. The glocalization processes constituted by these flows shape socio-cultural reality in dialectical processes between the local and the global. Through these processes, the styles characteristic of youth culture spread globally, instigating the development of local versions of youth culture through appropriation and creolization. They are mainly of the opinion that members of the youth market interpret and rework global cultural practices and meanings to fit into their local contexts. Consumption practices are inscribed in local historically constituted cultural discourses and in particular consumers are reliant on their predominantly class-based, socio-cultural resources for negotiating global meanings and practices in their daily lives. Their study addresses several knowledge gaps by showing that the often noted homogeneity of global youth consumption practices overloo ks their deeper structural differences and diverse localized meanings. These deeper differences flow from the manifestations of a transnational market ideology in glocalized forms. Identities are rearticulated in local versions, although these appropriative reworkings are never totally free of ideological influence. The ideological models carry with them preferred readings, which consumers have to negotiate. Culture To understand the impact the process of glocalization has on culture we first need to understand what the term culture denotes. It is in the domain of culture that we think, express ourselves articulate our aspirations and decide our mode of life. In general culture can be said to refer to the social construction, articulation and reception of meaning. Culture can be seen as a lived and creative experience for individuals as well as a body of artifacts texts and objects. It embraces the specialized and professionalized discourses of the arts, the commodified output of the cultural industries the spontaneous and unorganized cultural expressions of everyday life and the complex interactions between all these.  [3]  The essence of a culture is defined by its responses to the ultimate questions of human existence: death, hope, tragedy, love, loyalty, power, the meaning and purpose of life, and the place of the transcendental in human existence. But the responses to these questions ar e different and vary from region to region thus producing different values to the different elements relating to culture. The responses to these questions are affected by different socio-cultural-political even technological criteria thus having a whole different outlook to the way life is lived and perceived. Again Jan Nederveen Pieterse gives us a different classification of culture. According to him in the context of the global there can be two concepts of culture.  [4]  One is culture as essentially territorial i.e. localized culture of societies and groups. The other he classifies as culture as a general human software which refers to it as a trans-local learning process. Culture in the first sense of the term has an inward looking sense of a place while the second is essentially in the sense of outward looking. According to Pieterse the second finds expression in the first. Culture is the medium through which individuals and collectivities organize and conceptualize their identities in time and space. Thus different views of or different ways of looking at culture can have a huge impact on the influences cultural flows will have on different societies. Impact of Glocalization on Culture The whole process of the global effecting the local and the local the global has ramifications in a number of spheres and in a number of ways. There are basically two contestants in the globalization debate as Featherstone and Lash note, the homogenizer for whom globalization is to be seen as a consequence of modernity and heterogenizers who consider globalization as characterizing post modernity.  [5]  Homogenizers tend to think in terms of a world system that leads them to look primarily at the presence of universals. Heterogenizers, on the other hand, tend to dispute that a world system exists and disclaim the validity of universals. They see the dominance of the West over the Rest as simply one particular system over another system. The glocalization debate does not adhere strictly to any of these extremes but shows that the whole process is a two-way dialogue having both homogenizing and heterogenizing tendencies and tries to address the contradiction between the two. The g lobal infrastructures of culture and communication have also contributed to increasingly dense transnational elite and professional cultures. Others have argued how this process of glocalization provides for sharper cultural consciousness. There are certain impacts that Roland Robertson and Richard Giulianotti point out in their article dealing with glocallization. In the article they develop a four-fold typology of glocalization projects, with reference to how they affect culture  [6]. The glocalization projects are: Relativization: here, social actors seek to preserve their prior cultural institutions, practices and meanings within a new environment, thereby reflecting a commitment to differentiation from the host culture. Accommodation: here, social actors absorb pragmatically the practices, institutions and meanings associated with other societies, in order to maintain key elements of the prior local culture. Hybridization: here, social actors synthesize local and other cultural phenomena to produce distinctive, hybrid cultural practices, institutions and meanings. Transformation: here, social actors come to favour the practices, institutions or meanings associated with other cultures. Transformation may procure fresh cultural forms or, more extremely, the abandonment of the local culture in favour of alternative and/or hegemonic cultural forms. This fourfold typology enumerates how the process of glocalization has impacts other than merely homogenizing. Further Robertson in his essay Glocalization: Time-Space and Homogeneity-Heterogeneity negates the discourse on Cultural imperialism specially by the USA and instead advocates a line of thought which recognizes the alternatives. Some of these arguments are as follows: The cultural messages from the west are also differentially received and interpreted by the different locals. They absorb the communications transmitted in different ways The major alleged producers of global culture (CNN,Hollywood) etc increasingly are seen to tailor products to differentiated global markets National symbolic resources are increasingly available for differentiated global interpretation and consumption, for example plays of Shakespeare are variously interpreted today and is not only viewed from the British angle Flow of ideas and practices from the third world to dominant societies should not be underestimated Jan Nederveen Pieterse on the other hand views the whole process of globalization itself as a process of hybridization giving rise to a global mà ©lange.  [7]  He defines hybridization as ways in which forms become separated from existing practices and recombine with new forms in new practices. The phenomenon of hybridization basically undermines the idea of cultures as internally homogenous and externally distinct. He views identity patterns as becoming more complex as people want to assert local loyalties but want to share global values and lifestyles. All this ultimately point to the fact that cultural experiences are not moving in a direction of cultural uniformity and standardization. If this was the case there would be no space for cross-over cultures or third cultures for example music today. He gives examples to show what the process of hybridization creates multiple identities such as Mexican schoolgirls dressed in Greek togas dancing in the style of Isadora Duncan, a L ondon boy of Asian origin playing for a local Bengali cricket team and at the same time supporting the Arsenal football club, Thai boxing by Moroccan girls in Amsterdam, and Native Americans celebrating Mardi Gras in the United States. He further points out that the cultures exported by the west are themselves mixed cultures when the lineage of the cultures is examined. Thus the whole process of glocalization has made possible what we know as creolization of global culture or even orientalization of the world today which all point in the opposite direction to that of homogenization. The glocally-mediated, normalized cultural hybrid is here to stay till other new forces emerge which can dislodge them and maybe steer the course towards homogenization again or its extreme opposite heterogeneity. Sociological glocalizations focus on how local cultures are modified along global lines indicates the need to take more seriously how actors redefine themselves when frameworks become dislodged from their social foundations. Hubert J. M. Hermans and Harry J. G. Kempen on the other hand analyze the impact by challenging the academic mainstream conceptions which continues to work in a tradition of cultural dichotomies (e.g., individualistic vs. collectivistic, independent vs. interdependent) formulated as contrasts between western and non-western cultures. Three developments are presented that challenge this approach: the increasing cultural connections with the phenomenon of hybridization as a consequence the emergence of a world system that implies an interpenetration of the global and the local the enlarged cultural complexity as a result of large-scale distribution of cultural meanings and practices Thus we see how through the processes of intermixing and hybridization the process of glocalization is at work whereby not only the global is seen to effect the local but there exists a reciprocity by which local cultures have an influence on the global giving rise to what is known as global mass culture  [8]  impregnated with ideas, styles and genres concerning religion, music, art, cooking and so on. Nevertheless a discussion on the whole process of globalization vis-à  -vis glocalization remains unfinished without a discussion on the actors promoting globalization. These actors have a huge role to play in the process of interconnecting the world. They also realize the limits of homogenizing and are seen to adapt to local conditions as put forth by the glocalists. Enumerating the role of the actors also brings in the issue of power dynamics in the process of glocalization. Actors Another very important aspect when we talk of the transmission of culture is the role played by the various actors who play a part in the transmission whether from the global to the local or from the local to the global. Among them is a group of 20-30 very large Multi National Corporations who dominate global markets for entertainment, news, television etc. and these have acquired a very significant cultural presence in almost every continent. They are Time-Warner, Disney, Bertelsmann, Viacom, News Corporation, Sony, Universal, TCI, Philips etc to name a few. More important is that all these have their home base in OECD countries and the majority being in the USA. Three particular cultural markets are music cinema and television. It has created transnational corporations producing and marketing records, specially import and export of musical products and the penetration of national markets by foreign artists and music. Further this is based on a broader transfer of styles that are ro oted largely in American youth culture. Under the auspices of the global music industry local musical traditions too have an audience outside their homeland under the banner of so called world music. Due to globalization there is also a diffusion of film-making capacities and organizations around the world. Also co-production has been very prevalent that is the development of the film is funded by organizations in more than one nation. Again television too has become an industry as well as a medium of globalization. Tourism is also an important method of promoting culture, but again the majority of travel movements have been within North America and Western Europe. Apart from these a number of organizations and international agencies such as the UNESCO, WTO etc have become involved in the global communications and culture or the issue of cultural protectionism etc. The notion of glocality is meant to transcend the binary opposition between the global and the local and to provide an accurate linguistic representation of their  blending in real life. But in reality when cultures meet there is also a politics. Cultures may have assymetrical information emanating from the unequal distribution of wealth and political power. The global imperialism of the western countries from 16th -20th century provided the infrastructure for imposition and diffusion of western ideas, values and cultural institutions and practices across the world. Since the advent of European modernity cultural flows have been primarily from the west to the east following lines of imperial control. Flows are reversed mainly through migration but also through other cultural forms such as music, food, idea beliefs etc. But the cultural politics of colonialism still prevails to a large extent. Due to the presence of the historical and economic contexts prevailing in the world the de gree to which the local, mainly of the peripheries, affect the dominant societies, mainly the west, is far less than the influence of westernization and Americanization. All the modes of cultural globalization the stretching and deepening of relationships, the movement of signs, objects and people, cultural diffusion and emulation and the establishment of infrastructure and institutions involve distinct patterns of stratification, of hierarchy and unevenness. This is mainly because of the way people have learned history, that there exists an entity called the West and that one can think of this West as a society independent of and in opposition to other. This independence though has been challenged, and is correct to a large extent, by the glocalist, the greater influence still is directed from the west to the east a fact that cannot be denied. This can be clearly shown when we see the role of the actors involved in the process of dissemination of information and thus changing cult ures. The American film industry is fairly independent and does not depend on co-sponsors thus avoiding any dictates regarding the substance and character of the film. Also the major MNCs have their home bases in the western nations mainly the USA and promote their own cultures through their communication channels. Even the international institutions are majorly dominated by the western powers. Thus, though glocalization is taking place, the influence of the global on the local still remains far greater than the influence of the local on the global. Conclusion Therefore we end on a note where we accept the glocalist position of the process of global-localization. The presumed internal homogeneity of cultures and their conception as externally distinctive are called into question. Different localities today are interpreting the global cultural flows differentially as has been enumerated in the paper so far. It is not merely a process of arbitrary adoption but is synthesized according to the beliefs and customs prevailing in the local cultures. For example though modern man in western society now seems to be increasingly unwilling to live permanently in a totally secularised world (an example of east effecting the west), it is rather unlikely that in parts of the Third World where the traditional social systems have been largely shaped by religion, we will see the same degree of secularisation which has characterised Western modernization. Thus the process of filtering of inflows is very crucial. But glocalization theory also emphasizes the influence of the local on the global i.e. the global as receivers of cultures too from the local and not merely vise versa. Though this is true to some extent from the evidence available from the promotion of global mass culture etc the degree of influence of the local on the global can be challenged to a large extent. The whole process of colonialism has played a very crucial role in this unequal distribution of resources and power. Indigenous peoples though have a sense of their traditional cultures and customs, the impact of a colonial past has left its mark in their cultural behaviour whether it be the dressing sense, the food habits or even the language spoken. In these areas the western influence becomes very vivid and stark. Thus though glocalization as a theory has its merits it is not excluded from criticisms. Overall it is a useful theory to bring out the drawbacks of the globalization process as homogenizing and overarching and it also brings out the importance of contex ts and analysis at the micro-level.